The Social Role of the Java Deli Community in Shaping the Language and Cultural Identity of Java Descendants Born in Sumatra

Abstract

This research discusses the social role of the Jawa Deli community in shaping the linguistic and cultural identity of Javanese descendants born in Sumatra. Using a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods, this study involved in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document studies with 40 participants from 4 districts (Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, Batu Bara, and Langkat). Data were collected through daily interactions, also considering the use of everyday language, including phonetic, phonological, syntactic, and semantic aspects, to understand the linguistic adaptations that occurred. The research results indicate that 40% of participants still actively use the Javanese language, 35% understand but do not actively use it, and 25% do not master Javanese. Regarding cultural identity, 45% have a strong attachment to Javanese culture, 30% have a moderate attachment, and 25% have integrated other cultures into their identity. The main factors influencing this identity are the social environment, education, and media exposure. The Jawa Deli family and community serve as central points in the transmission of cultural values and language through oral traditions, social activities, and customary practices. However, the influence of modernization and interaction with multicultural society has led to processes of acculturation and assimilation that impact the identity changes of the younger generation. This research emphasizes that cultural and linguistic identity are not static but continuously evolve in accordance with social dynamics. These findings provide insight into the preservation of Javanese culture in North Sumatra and strategic efforts to maintain cultural heritage amidst the currents of globalization.