Cardiac disorders in patients with thyroid disease

Abstract

Introduction: When speaking of functional disorders of the thyroid gland, reference is made to increased or decreased production of thyroid hormones. These were called hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism respectively. They are pathologies that have been studied for the negative impact they have on the body, since they cause changes in the metabolism; thus generating alterations that lead to the patient presenting a series of serious complications, such as cardiac pathologies. Objective: To identify cardiac disorders in patients with thyroid disease. Method: A systematic review of the publications available in the databases that refer to thyroid pathology and its relationship with heart level disorders was performed. Results: A total of 35 articles published in the last 10 years, in different languages, which evaluate the association between thyroid pathology and cardiac abnormalities are included. Conclusions: Thyroid pathologies are closely related to heart disease that can worsen the severity of the patient’s clinical condition, and may even be associated with an increase in their mortality. Some of the mentioned heart diseases are: myxomatous valve changes, endothelial dysfunction, myocarditis, acute pericarditis, coronary vasospasm, atrial fibrillation in the case of hyperthyroidism; endocardial fibrosis, increased myocardial rigidity, pericarditis, pericardial effusion, coronary stenosis, and sinus bradycardia due to hypothyroidism.