The role of pro-domains in human growth factors and cytokines

3Citations
Citations of this article
34Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

Abstract

Many growth factors and cytokines are produced as larger precursors, containing pro-domains, that require proteolytic processing to release the bioactive ligand. These pro-domains can be significantly larger than the mature domains and can play an active role in the regulation of the ligands. Mining the UniProt database, we identified almost one hundred human growth factors and cytokines with pro-domains. These are spread across several unrelated protein families and vary in both their size and composition. The precise role of each pro-domain varies significantly between the protein families. Typically they are critical for controlling bioactivity and protein localisation, and they facilitate diverse mechanisms of activation. Significant gaps in our understanding remain for pro-domain function — particularly their fate once the bioactive ligand has been released. Here we provide an overview of pro-domain roles in human growth factors and cytokines, their processing, regulation and activation, localisation as well as therapeutic potential.

References Powered by Scopus

A metalloproteinase disintegrin that releases tumour-necrosis factor-∅ from cells

2819Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Cloning of a disintegrin metalloproteinase that processes precursor tumour-necrosis factor-α

1517Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Overview of the IL-1 family in innate inflammation and acquired immunity

1319Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Cited by Powered by Scopus

Advances in antibody-based therapy in oncology

96Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Bone morphogenetic protein signalling in pulmonary arterial hypertension: revisiting the BMPRII connection

3Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Pneumonia-associated microbial species and stabilized chlorine dioxide–containing oral care products

1Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Ratcliff, M., Zhou, R. X., Jermutus, L., & Hyvönen, M. (2021, November 1). The role of pro-domains in human growth factors and cytokines. Biochemical Society Transactions. Portland Press Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20200663

Readers' Seniority

Tooltip

PhD / Post grad / Masters / Doc 6

67%

Researcher 2

22%

Lecturer / Post doc 1

11%

Readers' Discipline

Tooltip

Agricultural and Biological Sciences 4

36%

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Bi... 4

36%

Engineering 2

18%

Medicine and Dentistry 1

9%

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free