History and physical examination

Abstract

A careful history and physical examination are essential in the evaluation of the geriatric patient. It is important not only to concentrate on the cardiovascular system, but also to include an historical inventory of the patient's general health and a careful, complete physical examination. Evidence of compromised renal, hepatic, or central nervous disease will alert the physician to potential problems in therapy. Therefore, even after a cardiovascular diagnosis is established, considerable judgment is required to decide upon an appropriate therapeutic approach because of the increased risk of an adverse response to medications and other treatment modalities in the elderly.