Optimal scheduling of power systems considering demand response

Abstract

A novel optimal scheduling method considering demand response is proposed for power systems incorporating with large scale wind power. The proposed method can jointly dispatch the energy resources and demand side resources to mitigate the fluctuation of load and wind power output. It is noticed in practical operation that, without customer’s satisfaction being considered, customers might reject the too frequent or violent demand response all together. In this case, two indices that measure the customer satisfaction are then introduced as constraints to reduce the impact to end-users and avoid extreme demand adjustment. To make the model solvable, a proximate decoupling technique is used to dispose the concave constraint introduced by the customer satisfaction constraints. Results from the case studies show that the proposed model can significantly reduce the operation cost of power system while the demand response meets customer satisfaction. Especially, the total start-up costs of conventional thermal units decreases dramatically due to less start-up times. Moreover, compared to the consumption way satisfaction constraint, the payment satisfaction constraint has a heavier influence on the cost.