The Research on V2G Grid Optimization and Incentive Pricing Considering Battery Health

Abstract

This study proposes a dynamic incentive-based vehicle-to-grid (V2G) strategy grounded in the battery state of health (SOH) to enhance the incentive for electric vehicles (EVs) to participate in grid peak shaving and to mitigate the load fluctuations and grid stability issues caused by large-scale EV grid integration. This strategy constructs a mobility-chain-based charging demand model and establishes a quantitative relationship between the depth of discharge (DOD) and battery lifespan degradation. It incorporates a segmented dynamic incentive mechanism that integrates load fluctuation compensation with SOH degradation compensation. This study employed multi-objective optimization to minimize both grid load fluctuations and user charging costs. Results demonstrate that this strategy effectively achieves optimized regulation of the grid load curve while maximizing economic benefits for EV users.