Semiconductor nanoparticles for photoinitiation of free radical polymerization in aqueous and organic media

Abstract

Photoinduced free radical polymerization of vinyl monomers by using semiconductor inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is investigated. Zinc oxide and iron-doped zinc oxide were used as photosensitive compounds to initiate the polymerization of acrylamide as a water-soluble monomer in aqueous environment and methyl methacrylate as an oil-soluble monomer in organic media under UV-light irradiation. The method uses photochemically generated electrons and holes from the NPs to form initiating hydroxyl radicals in aqueous media, while tertiary amines and iodonium salt served as coinitiator in organic media. The initiation mechanism in organic media involves hydrogen abstraction or reduction processes via charge carriers, respectively. The kinetic of the polymerization in both environments was studied by means of a photo-differential scanning calorimetry. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.