Case report: Corpectomy and iliac crest bone autograft as treatment for a vertebral plasma cell tumor in a dachshund dog

Abstract

A 7-year-old, 7.5 kg, female spayed dachshund dog presented to a veterinary teaching hospital after being referred for lameness and the inability to urinate. The dog presented as weakly ambulatory paraparetic with intact pain perception. Computed tomographic (CT) imaging showed ventral bony lysis and periosteal proliferation of the L3 vertebra, consistent with a plasma cell tumor. A corpectomy of the L3 vertebra was performed and subsequently stabilized with autogenous cortico-cancellous iliac crest bone staves, autogenous cancellous bone, and bilaterally placed locking plates [String of Pearls (SOP®), Orthomed]. The dog recovered well, with no decrease in neurologic status overnight, and continued to improve until discharge. Upon a recheck exam at 4 weeks postoperatively, the dog appeared neurologically improved with only mild ambulatory proprioceptive ataxia of the hind limbs. This case demonstrates that the transposition of a non-vascularized iliac crest autogenous bone graft with stabilization via SOP® plates and screws can be used in the management of dogs with vertebral plasma cell tumors and should be considered as a surgical option in similarly affected cases.