Ponderomotive effects on ion acceleration in the auroral zone

Abstract

Low frequency (ω < Ωi), large amplitude (E > 100 mV/m) Alfvén waves occur in the auroral zone. Such waves have a ponderomotive effect, on both ions and electrons. In the region between the large wave field and the ionosphere, the ponderomotive force accelerates electrons downward and ions upward, which produces an ambipolar electric field. The combined effect is to produce a differential acceleration between O+ and H+ with the O+ accelerated more out of the ionosphere. The typical resulting energization for O+ is tens of eV, which is sufficient for the ions to escape the ionosphere. We demonstrate this by means of analysis and test‐particle calculation. Copyright 1993 by the American Geophysical Union.