Recognition of Pathogens and Their Inflammatory Signaling Events

Abstract

The innate immune system is the main and first line of defense mechanism present in the human body, which acts against a foreign antigen. To function it utilize several mechanisms, among those are the primary one is recognizing the foreign antigen which is accomplished via decidedly complicated group of molecules termed as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which perceive various diverse structures present on the pathogen known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PRPs include several classes of receptors’, functions, and nature of these receptors vary from each other depending upon the molecular composition of PAMPs they detect. However, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are among the class of PRPs, which are studied widely. In this review, we have presented the contemporary understanding of pathogens recognition by various receptor classes including PRRs. In addition, we also discuss PRPs associated signaling pathways associated with antimicrobial immune response triggering.