Perbandingan Suhu, Kelembapan, dan Bobot Badan Ayam Broiler pada Kandang Closed House dengan dan tanpa Naungan

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Ayam broiler merupakan unggas dengan pertumbuhan yang sangat cepat, sehingga memerlukan kondisi lingkungan kandang yang optimal untuk mendukung performa pertumbuhan dan efisiensi produksi. Kandang tipe closed house dirancang untuk mengontrol suhu, kelembapan, dan ventilasi udara. Namun, faktor lingkungan luar seperti keberadaan naungan pohon berpotensi memengaruhi kondisi mikroklimat internal kandang, terutama dalam mengurangi paparan panas dari sinar matahari langsung. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kondisi mikroklimat kandang (suhu dan kelembapan) serta bobot badan ayam broiler yang dipelihara pada kandang closed house dengan naungan pohon dan tanpa naungan. Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 35 hari pada dua kandang closed house dengan populasi masing-masing 9.000 ekor. Data suhu dan kelembapan dicatat setiap hari, sedangkan bobot badan diukur pada umur 35 hari dengan mengambil 30 sampel ayam secara acak dari masing-masing kandang. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney untuk suhu dan kelembapan serta uji Independent Sample T-Test untuk bobot badan, dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil: Rata-rata suhu dan kelembapan pada kandang dengan naungan cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan kandang tanpa naungan, meskipun secara statistik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Sebaliknya, bobot badan ayam broiler yang dipelihara pada kandang dengan naungan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kandang tanpa naungan. Kesimpulan: Keberadaan naungan pada kandang closed house berkontribusi dalam menciptakan kondisi mikroklimat yang lebih kondusif dan mendukung peningkatan bobot badan ayam broiler dibandingkan kandang tanpa naungan.Background: Broiler chickens are fast-growing poultry that require optimal housing environmental conditions to support growth performance and production efficiency. Closed house systems are designed to control temperature, humidity, and ventilation. However, external environmental factors, such as the presence of tree shade, may influence the internal microclimate of the house, particularly by reducing heat exposure from direct solar radiation. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the microclimate conditions (temperature and humidity) and body weight of broiler chickens reared in closed house systems with and without tree shade. Methods:The study was conducted for 35 days in two closed house facilities, each housing 9,000 broiler chickens. Temperature and humidity were recorded daily, while body weight was measured at 35 days of age by randomly sampling 30 chickens from each house. Temperature and humidity data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test, whereas body weight data were analyzed using the Independent Sample T-test at a 5% significance level. Results: The average temperature and humidity in the shaded house tended to be lower than those in the unshaded house, although no statistically significant differences were observed. In contrast, broiler chickens reared in the shaded house exhibited higher body weight compared to those in the unshaded house. Conclusion: The presence of tree shade in closed house systems contributes to creating more favorable microclimate conditions and supports increased body weight in broiler chickens.