Optimal Sizing and Techno-Economic Feasibility of Hybrid Microgrid

Abstract

This study explores the energy demand planning for university loads at the new Sohag University campus in Sohag Al Gadida City, Egypt. It assesses the feasibility of establishing a microgrid on a section of the campus to determine its practicality and potential benefits. The existing power distribution system is analyzed, and the suitability of various distributed generation sources, including photovoltaic, battery, and hydrogen-based microgrid, is evaluated. A techno-economic analysis is conducted to optimize microgrid sizing, using MATLAB R2023a (Optimization Toolbox) to implement a sizing algorithm for a hybrid microgrid system and HOMER Pro 3.14 for component sizing. The optimal microgrid configuration is verified based on the intended power supply potential while minimizing costs. The results demonstrate that the energy costs of the proposed hybrid microgrid system align with previously published values, confirming its feasibility. Additionally, economic analysis reveals that the proposed system not only reduces carbon emissions but also achieves cost savings of 20–30% over 20 years compared to conventional grid supply, with a payback period of 8–10 years.