Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Rescue for Severe Aspiration Pneumonitis in Two Patients after Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass Procedure

Abstract

Roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB) is one of the most common weight loss surgical procedures performed in the United States. Early post-operative small bowel obstruction is a rare but potentially morbid, complication of RYGB. We report two patients who underwent RYGB and required subsequent treatment for a post-operative small bowel obstruction. Their post-operative course was complicated by severe aspiration pneumonitis leading to hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring rescue with femoral veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). Both patients were successfully extubated, weaned off V-V ECMO support, and discharged to home. These cases highlight the potential role of V-V ECMO for patients who have undergone RYGB and develop severe aspiration pneumonitis. They also highlight the need for cautionary use of gastrografin in RYGB patients. Early engagement of a multidisciplinary team experienced with adult ECMO is vital for favorable patient outcomes.