AlexNet, AdaBoost and Artificial Bee Colony Based Hybrid Model for Electricity Theft Detection in Smart Grids

Abstract

Electricity theft (ET) is an utmost problem for power utilities because it threatens public safety, disturbs the normal working of grid infrastructure and increases revenue losses. In the literature, many machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL) and statistical based models are introduced to detect ET. However, these models do not give optimal results due to the following reasons: curse of dimensionality, class imbalance problem, inappropriate hyper-parameter tuning of ML and DL models, etc. Keeping the aforementioned concerns in view, we introduce a hybrid DL model for the efficient detection of electricity thieves in smart grids. AlexNet is utilized to handle the curse of dimensionality issue while the final classification of energy thieves and normal consumers is performed through adaptive boosting (AdaBoost). Moreover, class imbalance problem is resolved using an undersampling technique, named as near miss. Furthermore, hyper-parameters of AdaBoost and AlexNet are tuned using artificial bee colony optimization algorithm. The real smart meters' dataset is used to assess the efficacy of the hybrid model. The substantial amount of simulations proves that the hybrid model obtains the highest classification results as compared to its counterparts. Our proposed model obtains 88%, 86%, 84%, 85%, 78% and 91% accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, Matthew correlation coefficient and area under the curve receiver operating characteristics, respectively.