Melanoma Metabolism: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications in Cutaneous Oncology

Abstract

Background: Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, is characterized by rapid progression and a high metastatic potential, presenting significant challenges in clinical oncology. A critical aspect of melanoma biology is its metabolic reprogramming, which supports tumor growth, survival, and therapeutic resistance. Objective: This review aims to explore the key molecular mechanisms driving metabolic alterations in melanoma and their implications for developing therapeutic strategies. Methods: A Pubmed search was conducted to analyze literature discussing key mechanisms of the Warburg effect, mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced lipid metabolism, epigenetic modifications, and the tumor microenvironment. Results: Metabolic reprogramming supports melanoma growth, proliferation, and survival. Understanding these complex metabolic dynamics provides valuable insights for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. Conclusion: Potential therapeutic interventions aimed at disrupting melanoma metabolism highlight the promise of precision medicine in improving treatment outcomes in cutaneous oncology. By targeting metabolic vulnerabilities, novel treatment approaches could significantly enhance the clinical management and prognosis of melanoma.