Generalized gravis junctional epidermolysis bullosa: Case report, laboratory evaluation, and review of recent advances

Abstract

A full-term infant with junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is described. The distribution and morphologic characteristics of generalized blistering in areas of pressure in conjunction with perioral and perinasal granulation tissue suggested the diagnosis of generalized gravis (Herlitz) JEB. The family history was consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance. Electron microscopy demonstrated a subepidermal cleft arising in the lamina lucida with hemidesmosomal hypoplasia, findings consistent with gravis JEB. Immunofluorescent antigenic mapping localized laminin and type IV collagen exclusively to the blister base and weak reactivity of bullous pemphigoid antigen to both the roof and the base. Type VII collagen (LH 7:2 epitope) was detected solely at the base of the cleavage plane, and abnormal staining of laminin 5 (kalinin, GB3, nicein) and 19-DEJ-l antigen was observed. The patient died of sepsis at age 3 months. DNA extracted from cultured keratinocytes for molecular genetic analysis demonstrated a mutation with the LAMB3 gene encoding the β3 chain of laminin 5. We present the clinical and laboratory findings and briefly review recent advances in the diagnosis and management of JEB. © I99(i Ma\o Foundation for Medical Education and Research.