Fabrication and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Charcoal Coconut Shell Minahasa, Indonesia

Abstract

Has performed the fabrication and characterization of actived carbon from charcoal coconut shell with the combination of activator HCl and NaOH. Fabrication is done in two stages, the characterization and activation. Conducted through pyrolysis carbonization batch at a temperature of 350 oC for 6 h to get charcoal. Activation is done chemically by immersing charcoal in the activator HCl for 24 h. Activated carbon with activator HCl back in activated with activator NaOH for 24 h. Characterization of activated carbon include the determination of functional groups with FTIR, morphology, and topography by SEM, the type of elements and elemental composition by EDS, specific surface area, total pore volume, and pore radius with methods BET and the identification of the structure crystallinity by XRD. Characteristics of activated carbon products with a combination of HCl and NaOH activator showed changes in the physicochemical properties of the base material charcoal coconut shell into activated carbon. The resulting activated carbon is polar with carbon element content 0f 94.93 % and has a smooth surface porous with a surface area of 5.041 m2/g, pore volume of 5.229 cc/g and pore radius of 20.74 Å. In Addition, the activated carbon produced is also semi crystal with a hexagonal crystal structure and pore structure of mesoporous size.