Sol-gel synthesis of silicon-doped lithium manganese oxide with enhanced reversible capacity and cycling stability

Abstract

A series of silicon-doped lithium manganese oxides were obtained via a sol-gel process. XRD characterization results indicate that the silicon-doped samples retain the spinel structure of LiMn2O4. Electrochemical tests show that introducing silicon ions into the spinel structure can have a great effect on reversible capacity and cycling stability. When cycled at 0.5 C, the optimal Si-doped LiMn2O4 can exhibit a pretty high initial capacity of 140.8 mAh g-1 with excellent retention of 91.1% after 100 cycles, which is higher than that of the LiMn2O4, LiMn1.975Si0.025O4, and LiMn1.925Si0.075O4 samples. Moreover, the optimal Si-doped LiMn2O4 can exhibit 88.3 mAh g-1 with satisfactory cycling performance at 10 C. These satisfactory results are mainly contributed by the more regular and increased MnO6 octahedra and even size distribution in the silicon-doped samples obtained by sol-gel technology.