Bioencapsulation of brine shrimp Artemia nauplii with probionts and their resistance against Vibrio pathogens

Abstract

Objective: The present investigation was carried out to study the encapsulation of Artemia nauplii with probionts to promote the survival rate of Artemia as well to enhance the bacteriostatic effect of Artemia against shrimp pathogens. Methodology: The probionts, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. sporogenes and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were individually cultured, the extracellular metabolites of these probionts were extracted and the antagonistic effect of the metabolites was tested against the shrimp pathogens Vibrio cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. The metabolites of L. acidophilus and L. sporogenes were showed a growth inhibition against V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae. The second instar stage of Artemia franciscana nauplii were selected for probiont encapsulation study. Results: The nauplii were encapsulated with selected probionts individually. The control nauplii were enriched with microalgae Nanochloropsis. During probionts enrichment, the survival was monitored for 24 h. The control nauplii showed less survival (89.33-90.60%) when compared with probionts (96.0-99.33%) encapsulated Artemia nauplii. After 24 h enrichment, the individual probiotic load of Artemia nauplii was determined. Then these control and probionts encapsulated nauplii were individually challenged with the pathogens V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. Conclusion: The survival of Artemia nauplii was recorded till their death. During challenge test against Vibrio pathogens, A. franciscana nauplii encapsulated with control-Nanochloropsis showed higher mortality within limited time interval when compared with Artemia nauplii encapsulated with probionts.