The school climate in mathematics achievement: Findings from PISA 2018 Indonesia

Abstract

School climate has been shown to have a positive impact on students' mathematics achievement. The school climate plays an important role in the advancement of education. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of school climate on the student's mathematics achievement in Indonesia. This study used PISA 2018 Indonesia data with 12,098 students and 397 schools, which were analyzed using multilevel models. The results of the multilevel analysis showed that disciplinary climate, student cooperation and competition, bullying, student truancy and lateness, teacher feedback, student-teacher ratio, and economic, social, and cultural status (ESCS) were statistically significant predictors for the student's mathematics achievement. The more positive the school climate, the higher the student's mathematics achievement.