Karabuğdayın Fitokimyası, Farmakolojisi ve Biyofonksiyonel Özellikleri

Abstract

Fagopyrum belongs to family Polygonaceae that grown since ancient years. The genus Fagopyrum contains two important buckwheat species: the common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and Tatar buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.). Apart from these two important species, the species Fagopyrum cymosum is not widely cultivated, but it has an important place in Chinese medicine. Buckwheat has been included in the diet as an alternative product in recent years due to its important nutritional content and beneficial effects on health. Buckwheat seeds are in the pseudo-cereal group due to their differences compared to other cereals. The most important of these differences is that buckwheat is not monocotyledon like other cereals, it is a dicotyledon. Buckwheat grains and other tissues contain a large number of nutraceutical compounds. Buckwheat is a remarkable grain with protein, polysaccharide, dietary fiber, lipids, polyphenols, especially with routine and micronutrient (minerals and vitamins) content. In addition, the idea that the nutritional value can be increased by germinating buckwheat seeds has gained importance in recent years. It has been reported that buchwheat have many pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, antibacterial. These properties are attributed to its rich contents. Due to its health benefits, demand for buckwheat has been increasing in recent years. In this review, the researches on the general usage of buckwheat, its chemical components and pharmacological properties are summarized