Suspected lung lobe torsion and successful lobectomy in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Abstract

Background: Lung lobe torsion is a rare and life-threatening condition in mammals. Based on the literature search described below, no previous reports have documented lung lobe torsion in a rabbit. The present case describes the diagnosis and successful surgical treatment of suspected right cranial lung lobe torsion in a domestic rabbit. Case description: A 6-year-old neutered male rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) presented with increased respiratory effort, sneezing, and worsening cough over several days. The rabbit had a history of respiratory disease and right cranial lung lobe inflammatory lower airway disease. Physical examination revealed pale mucous membranes and decreased lung sounds on the right. On computed tomography of the thorax, the right cranial lung lobe was dorsally positioned, hyperinflated, and reduced in vascularity. Right cranial lung lobe torsion with concurrent pneumonia was highly suspected. An emergency right cranial lung lobectomy was performed. Diffuse changes in the affected lobe were observed with no visible torsion. Postoperatively, the rabbit recovered uneventfully with an improved appetite. Histopathology was performed on the excised lung lobe, and findings were compatible with lung lobe torsion. Conclusions and clinical relevance: For rabbits presenting with respiratory signs and lobar changes on imaging, lung lobe torsion should be included as a differential. Lung lobectomy is the recommended treatment and contributed to the rabbit’s good outcome.