A sustainable future: Leveraging IPD and BIM for green construction success

Abstract

In response to growing environmental concerns in the construction industry, we investigated how Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) jointly support the implementation of sustainable construction practices. Using a comparative case study approach, we examined two high-performance projects: Kendeda Building (Living Building Challenge-certified) and Science Square (LEED-certified) to assess how general contractors integrate IPD and BIM in decision-making related to energy use, material optimization, life-cycle assessment, and project coordination. Qualitative data were collected through site visits, observations, and interviews with contractors, while quantitative performance metrics, including cost, schedule, and energy efficiency, were analyzed using a cross-case matrix. Our results showed that IPD–BIM workflows consistently outperformed traditional delivery models, with the studied projects using 55–75% less operational energy, completing 12% faster, and finishing approximately 6% under budget while reducing punch-list items by 25%. These outcomes stem from early-stage collaboration, model-based coordination, and shared accountability embedded in the IPD–BIM process. Here, we present a novel decision-making framework and performance matrix that highlights the tangible benefits and remaining barriers to broader IPD adoption, particularly the need for early trust-building and multiparty contract structures. The findings offer actionable insights for industry professionals seeking to advance sustainable construction through integrated, technology-driven methods.