Spatial model of Particulate Matter PM10in Bekasi City, West Java Province using Landsat-8

Abstract

Bekasi was the city with the largest population in West Java Province. In Bekasi, movement mainly used vehicles. This research aims to analyze PM10 spatial pattern in Bekasi City and validity spatial model of PM10 from vehicle volume and Landsat 8 with PM10 from passive sampler as validator. This research used descriptive spatial and statistical root mean square error (RMSE) analysis. Based on PM10 from vehicle volume, large capacity arterial roads covered poorer air quality index. Based on PM10 from Landsat 8, it happened in opposite phenomena. Regarding congestion traffic on small-capacity arterial roads, some points of vehicle volume measurement were congested, and others were not. PM10 with an unhealthy air quality index also could be sourced from residential, commercial & services, and industrial buildings. Then, RMSE spatial model of PM10 from vehicle volume had lowered error than a spatial model of PM10 from Landsat 8. However, if a further analysis was done by considering spatial characteristics (such as land used), several area models were located on the same land used. This research showed that a combination of model errors and their relation to spatial characteristics could be a new approach to assessing model performance.