Assessment of Periodontal status in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A retrospective, case-control study

Abstract

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and periodontitis both represent chronic inflammatory disorders that share similar pathophysiological processes. However, very few studies have been done to address the link between the two diseases which remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to assess and compare the periodontal status in patients suffering from PsA and systemically healthy subjects to identify whether a possible association exists between PsA and periodontitis. Material and Methods: Periodontal parameters – PI, BOP, mGI, PPD and CAL were recorded in 110 patients with PsA and 110 age-and gender-matched systemically healthy patients. Mean values of the periodontal parameters were calculated for both groups and subjected to statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to correlate the demographic data with periodontitis. Results: The frequency of periodontitis and mean values of BOP, mGI, PPD and CAL were found to be significantly higher in patients with PsA than in systemically healthy controls. The number of patients with stage III periodontitis was found to be significantly higher in the PsA group. Conclusions: A possible link exists between periodontitis and psoriatic arthritis, as exhibited by the results of the present study. Dental and medical health professionals should be aware of this relationship depending on which, they should carry out adequate treatment strategies involving periodic periodontal evaluation and care.