Desnutrição, Inflamação e outros fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em pacientes sob diálise peritoneal

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify the occurrence of malnutrition, inflammation and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study comprising 61 patients from two dialysis units in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil). Nutritional status was determined by the global subjective assessment and inflammation by the ultra sensitive c-reactive protein levels. Traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, such as gender, age, consumption of alcoholic beverages, smoking, inactivity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and food habits, as well as non-traditional factors such as disturbed calcium and phosphorus metabolism and anemia, were investigated. Results: Malnutrition was found in 36.0% of the patients in the population under study whereas inflammation was present in 49.2% of them. Patients with both malnutrition and inflammation were shown to comprise 21.3% of the sample. Ultra sensitive c-reactive protein levels were found to be higher (p=0.04) in malnourished patients than in those with good nutritional status. High rates of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease were also observed in this population. Conclusion: Malnutrition and inflammation are still common among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Ultra sensitive c-reactive protein levels were found to be higher among malnourished patients than in well-nourished patients. Many of the risk factors found in the studied population are treatable.