Infección perineal según episiotomía en pacientes puérperas del centro de salud Maritza Campos Díaz Zamacola, Arequipa-2019

Abstract

Episiotomy is a surgical procedure on the vulva to facilitate the delivery of the fetus and avoid third and fourth degree perineal tears. However, it is used at discretion due to the possible complications it can cause. One of the most frequent and serious is the infection of the soft tissues of the perineum caused by microorganisms that penetrate through the surgical wound, which can come from the vaginal, intestinal or skin flora of the woman or from the hospital environment. In this cross-sectional comparative observational study, the objective was to determine the occurrence of perineal infection according to the practice of episiotomy in patients treated at the "Maritza Campos Díaz" Health Center - Zamácola. The sample consisted of 80 women between 19 and 29 years of age, during the postpartum period, who attended the 30-day control, 40 who underwent mediolateral episiotomy and another 40 without episiotomy with second-degree perineal tear that met the criteria Inclusion and exclusion criteria. The frequency of infections was recorded only within the group of patients with episiotomy, with a percentage of 12.5%. Although it was possible to determine a statistical difference (p<0.05) in the occurrence of 5/9 presumptive clinical manifestations of infection among the patients according to episiotomy, it was not possible to determine the association between episiotomy and perineal infection, by obtaining an OR of 12.55 (0.67-235.01).