The Impact of Various Surfactants on the Water-in-Diesel Fuel Emulsions

Abstract

Diesel fuel is a hydrocarbon fuel is located at the middle of the hydrocarbon chain resulting in the distillation tower. This fuel is used commonly in the entire world and especially in Iraq for the production of electrical energy, transportation, and factories. Diesel burning produces large exhaust pollutants which are mostly black carbon, NOx, and SOx. These contaminants are widely polluting the surrounding environment and mischievous. In this research, a study on the possibility of mixing the diesel fuel with water to produce an emulsion that reduce the resulting exhaust pollutants from it, and improves the produced energy. This study aims to highlight the impact of using various surfactant agents' types with the formulation of water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions for the Iraqi diesel fuel. The Iraqi diesel was emulsified using salt, sugar, and sodium carbonate as the emulsifying agent to produce water in oil emulsions. The emulsions fuel oil obtained were subjected for many tests to find out its thermophysical and combustion specifications and storage stability of the resulted emulsion to be used in the production of electric power, marine, bricks plants, and transportation.