Multiscale Digital Porous Rock Reconstruction Using Template Matching

Abstract

Rocks are heterogeneous multiscale porous media: two rock samples with identical bulk properties can vary widely in microstructure. The advent of digital rock technology and modern 3-D printing provides new opportunities to replicate rocks. However, the inherent trade-off between imaging resolution and sample size limits the scales over which microstructure and macrostructure can be identified and related to each other. Here, we develop a multiscale digital rock construction strategy by combining X-ray computed microtomography and focused-ion beam (FIB)-scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and we apply the technique to a tight sandstone. The computed tomography (CT) scanning images characterize macroscale pore structures, while the FIB-SEM images capture microscale pore textures. The FIB-SEM images are then coupled to CT images via a template-matching algorithm and superposition. Bulk properties, including porosity and pore and throat size distribution, can be recovered with this approach. Permeability prediction with a pore network model for the largest connected pore network are 3 orders and 1 order of magnitude greater than the bulk rock measured value using the CT-only and the SEM-CT coupled images, respectively.