MODEL PENGUASAAN TANAH PAUMAN DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM

Abstract

In the period of kingdom, Pauman land was collectively owned by the community called pauman. After the independence and at the time Land Law had been imposed, even in some villages the land had been proposed to be owned individually and some of the land had been sold, so the problem discussed were; what model was applied for the pauman land ownership and how the management was done when the Land Law had been imposed. The model of the research was a research of normative law with legislation, concept, analytic, and case approach. The sources of the regulation which were used in this research were primary law sources, secondary law sources, and tertiary law sources which were collected by interview (affirmation), note taking and document. And then it was done interpretation technique. The result of the research showed that there was still collective ownership for pauman land in which the members of the owners were permanent and some were dynamic depended upon the development of the genealogical main owners. Meanwhile, in some villages the ownership tended to be secularly individualization through having the legality of the law in context of Land Law so that some pauman lands dismissed, infect the pauman land was the basic of the managing commitment and there was no more unity of community as the result of authority and ownership transference through trading them to other people. That’s why serious efforts are needed to preserve the pauman lands.    Key words: pauman, authority, land tenure.AbstrakPada masa kerajaan tanah pauman dikuasai secara koletif oleh suatu kemunitas yang disebut “pauman”. Setelah kemerdekaan dan dengan diundangkannya UUPA penguasaannya mengalami perubahan. Di beberapa desa tanah pauman tersebut telah didaftarkan sebagai hak milik individu dan sebagian lagi sudah dijual. Dari kondisi tersebut ada beberapa isu hukum sebagai permasalahan penelitian, yaitu bagaimana model penguasaan hak atas tanah pauman dan pengelolaannya setelah berlakunya UUPA. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep, analitik, dan kasus. Sumber bahan hukum berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik Wawancara (affirmasi), pencatatan dan dokumentasi. Data aytau bahan hukum tersebut dianalisis dengan teknik interpretasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan tanah pauman masih bersifat kolektif yang jumlah keaggotaannya bersifat tetap dan ada yang bersifat dinamis sesuai dengan perkembangan anggota inti secara genealogis. Sementara di beberapa desa cendrung mengarah individualisasi sekuler dengan mengusung kepastian hukum dalam konteks UUPA, sehingga beberapa pauman sudah bubar karena tanah pauman sebagai dasar pengikatan ayanah dan kesatuan kelompok sudah tidak ada lagi sebagai akibat terjadinya pengalihan penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah pauman melalui jual beli kepada pihak lain. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya yang sungguh dalam pelestariannya.