Food Security of Farmers’ Households in Watersheds (Case of the Keduang Watershed, Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia)

Abstract

Deforestation around the watershed causes erosion and sedimentation, decreasing land productivity. Climate change causes an increase in the frequency and intensity of drought and plant-disturbing organisms, causing low agricultural production. This issue then affects the socio-economic conditions of the farmer’s household due to low income and consumption. This study aimed to determine the proportion of food expenditure, analyze the energy consumption level, and the food security level of farmer households. The location was determined by purposive sampling, a proportional technique with a sample of 344 farmer households. The data analysis method used income and expenditure analysis, food expenditure share, food consumption, and food security analysis. The results showed that the proportion of food expenditure for farmer households was 58.75%, that were categorized as food security. The energy consumption level of 1833.37 kcal / person/day is classified as moderate. The level of food security showed that 39.83% were classified as food secure, 29.65% as food vulnerable, 14.83% as lack of food, and 15.70% as food insecure. Based on these results, to improve food security at the level of food insecurity and lack of food, efforts are made to increase the cropping index by drilling wells or ponds, government support for agricultural production facilities, and strict regulations regarding the conversion of agricultural land. In food vulnerable, farmer households must apply through the promotion of activities that generate non-agricultural income. To maintain food security, made to diversify food to meet ideal nutrition.