Membrane Technology for Groundwater Purification : A review

Abstract

Groundwater contains many impurities, salts, and mineral elements. Therefore, there is an essential demand to make water more purified from these impurities. There are many ways to purify water such as desalination and membranes technology. Polymeric, ceramic, and composite membranes are widely used in membranes manufacturing with a nanofiber/ nanomaterial membrane for groundwater filtration. To enhance membrane water flux and fouling, inorganic materials are embedded to the membrane polymeric solution. In the present review, water challenges in Egypt and ground water distribution is the focus. In addition, membrane technology with focus in materials, techniques, fouling, modules, and filtration process will discuss.