Physical, milling quality and physicochemical characteristics of local rice cultivars from South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Currently, local rice cultivars have not been used optimally and often experience extinction.The purpose of this study is to examine the physical quality, milling quality and physicochemical characteristics of several local rice cultivars from South Kalimantan. The research materials were obtained from plantings in the Sukamandi experimental field, where the seeds came from farmers in South Kalimantan and the quality examination are carried out at Rice Quality Laboratory in Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR). The results are compared to the paddy Indonesian National Standard (INS) No. 0224-1987/SPI-TAN/01/01/1993 and to INS of rice No 6128:2020. The examination results indicated that in general, all cultivars have met the criteria for the physical quality parameters of Indonesian National Standard (INS) of paddy. Based on the milling quality, the Kencana Baliman cultivar had the highest percentage of brown rice (BR) (79.95%), milled rice (MR) (70.04%) and head rice (HR) (93.69%), and vice versa had the lowest percentage of broken rice (6.10%) and groats (0.22%). Based on the physical, milling quality and physicochemical characteristic, the Kencana Baliman cultivar can be used as a parent in crossing the formation of new varieties and or released as new superior varieties.