Criteria, procedures, and future prospects of involuntary treatment in psychiatry around the world: A narrative review

Abstract

The use of involuntary treatment in psychiatry comes with some benefits and many disadvantages for the patient's experience and the therapeutic outcome. This review proposes to compare the procedures and criteria for involuntary psychiatric treatment around the world. We highlight the gap between legislation and practice, the patient's experience of coercion, the repercussions on the therapeutic relationship and adherence to treatment following coercion, the role it plays in the prevention of suicide and of hetero-aggressive behavior, ethical problems, and possible alternatives to reduce the use of coercive measures.