Analysis of materials effects on radio frequency electromagnetic fields in human head

Abstract

In this paper, we propose to study the variability of specific absorption rate (SAR) of a human head due to different materials in the vicinity of the handset. We include the effects of the human hand, handset chassis and additional conductive material particularly hand-ring jewelry. A finite-difference time-Domain (FDTD) method was used to analyze different positions of the conductive ring materials within the hand model. Furthermore, the impact of this material on the performance of an antenna was considered in this study. We found that including a hand model leads to a significant reduction in SAR. The hand influences not only SAR distribution but also antenna performance. Moreover, adding conductive materials to the hand results in increases in the local SAR values of the head model. The results suggest that the hand model is important in SAR evaluation and that having an additional conductive material on the hand may vary the amount of electromagnetic (EM) energy absorption depending on the position of the material.