Year-long, multiple-timepoint field studies show the importance of spatiotemporal dynamics and microbial functions in agricultural soil microbiomes

Abstract

This study addresses a critical gap in soil microbiome research by investigating spatiotemporal effects on soil bacterial and fungal composition and activity in relation to field management practices. Moving beyond single-field and limited sampling approaches, this research conducted monthly sampling events on two fields at various depths. By combining metabarcoding, phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and metatranscriptomics, the study examined bacterial and fungal community composition, biomass, and functionality. Key findings reveal distinct responses of bacterial and fungal communities to spatiotemporal variability and management practices. Functional categories were predominantly driven by temporal trends rather than compost amendments. Temporal changes were more pronounced in the topsoil. These insights into the complex interactions between soil microbial communities, management practices, and spatiotemporal dynamics contribute significantly to soil microbiome research and sampling strategies.