Synthesis of mixed metal oxides nano-colloidal particles and investigation of the cytotoxicity effects on the human pulmonary cell lines: A prospective approach in anti-tuberculosis inhaled nanoparticles

Abstract

In today’s world, Nano-science in association with synthesis of effective anti-tuberculosis nanoparticles (NPs) is expanding day by day. Also, personalized medicine in the field of Mycobacteriology; will play a significant role in the diagnosis, control, and even treatment of infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis in the next future. In this study, the colloidal Ag & ZnO NPs were synthesized with chemical reduction and deposition method. The SEM, TEM, DLS, UV-visible, and ICP-MS were used to identify of characteristics, structure, and estimate of NPS size, as well as the dispersion. Next, NPs were mixed together with 2Ag:8ZnO, 5Ag:5ZnO and 8Ag:2ZnO ratios. The toxicity effects of different ratios of NPs in contrast to human macrophage (THP-1) and normal human lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cell lines were evaluated using MTT method. The average size of NPs were estimated about 13±3.14 nm and 4±0.88 nm, respectively. The NPs were spherical in shape with a smooth surface morphology, as well as agglomerates. The results of UV- visible spectrums shows two peak in 420 nm and 350 nm for NPs, respectively. The intensity distribution spectrum indicate that mid-range of hydrodynamic diameter of the NPs were about 28.91 nm and 57 nm. The PDI and zeta potential of NPs were 1.00 and 0.545, also -20.7 mV and 3.13 mV, respectively. The results showed that the 5Ag:5ZnO ratio of mixed NPs in the dilution of 1:64 (~0.663 ppm), did not have any toxicity effects against THP-1 and MRC-5 cells. The ZnO NPs have had strongly toxic effects on THP-1 and MRC-5. Also, in the dilution of 1:64 of Ag NPs (~0.390 ppm), we did not find any evidence case of toxicity against normal lung and THP-1 cell lines. We are looking for exclusive ratio: dilution of NPs that used in the next future as a safety anti-tuberculosis agent in the personalized medicine and treatment process of respiratory disease; spatially “tuberculosis”. We discovered, if the NPs are mixed with a ratio of 5:5 in dilution of 1:64(~0.663 ppm) of initial concentration, we will not see any toxic effects on the human respiratory cells.