Phytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Different Plant Parts of Milkweed on Weeds and Growth and Yield of Wheat

  • SHAH R
  • BALOCH M
  • ZUBAIR M
  • et al.
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Abstract

ABSTRACT: The present research work was undertaken to find out the phytotoxic effects of different concentrations of aqueous extracts of leaves, stems and root of milkweed (Calotropis procera) in the Agronomic Research Area of Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan during 2013-14 and 2014-15. The treatments consisted of different concentrations of aqueous leaf, stem and root extracts (10, 20, 30 and 40%) of milkweed, which were compared with tap water (control). The results showed that the reduction of all studied parameters, including weeds, growth and yield of wheat was proportional to the concentration of aqueous extracts of milkweed in use. The level of inhibition was concentration-dependent as inhibition increased with an increase in the concentration of aqueous extracts of all three plant parts of milkweed. Therefore, application of maximum concentration (40%) of aqueous leaf, stem and root extracts correspondingly reduced all the studied parameters. On the basis of the findings, it is concluded that the Calotropis procera should be removed near the cultivating wheat fields because it contains some phytotoxic substances, which may be leached out by the roots and cause serious losses to the growers and crop species.RESUMO: O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de investigar os efeitos fitotóxicos de diferentes concentrações de extratos aquosos de folhas, caules e raízes da bombardeira (Calotropis procera) na Área de Pesquisa Agronômica do Departamento de Agronomia, Faculdade de Agricultura, Universidade de Gomal, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Paquistão, durante os períodos de 2013-14 e 2014-15. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes concentrações de extratos aquosos de folhas, caule e raízes (10, 20, 30 e 40%) da bombardeira, que foram comparadas com água encanada (controle). Os resultados mostraram que a redução de todos os parâmetros estudados, incluindo ervas daninhas e crescimento e rendimento do trigo, foi proporcional à concentração dos extratos aquosos de bombardeira utilizados. O nível de inibição foi dependente da concentração, pois a inibição aumentou com o aumento na concentração de extratos aquosos de todas as três partes vegetais da bombardeira. Portanto, a aplicação da concentração máxima (40%) de extratos aquosos de folhas, caule e raiz reduziu proporcionalmente todos os parâmetros estudados. Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que Calotropis procera deve ser removida perto dos campos de cultivo por conter algumas substâncias fitotóxicas que podem ser lixiviadas pelas raízes e causar sérios prejuízos aos produtores e às espécies em cultivo.

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APA

SHAH, R. H., BALOCH, M. S., ZUBAIR, M., & KHAN, E. A. (2017). Phytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Different Plant Parts of Milkweed on Weeds and Growth and Yield of Wheat. Planta Daninha, 35(0). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582017350100080

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