Rapid Prototyping of Multi-Functional and Biocompatible Parafilm®-Based Microfluidic Devices by Laser Ablation and Thermal Bonding

Abstract

In this paper, we report a simple, rapid, low-cost, biocompatible, and detachable microfluidic chip fabrication method for customized designs based on Parafilm®. Here, Parafilm® works as both a bonding agent and a functional membrane. Its high ultimate tensile stress (3.94 MPa) allows the demonstration of high-performance actuators such as microvalves and micropumps. By laser ablation and the one-step bonding of multiple layers, 3D structured microfluidic chips were successfully fabricated within 2 h. The consumption time of this method (~2 h) was 12 times less than conventional photolithography (~24 h). Moreover, the shear stress of the PMMA–Parafilm®–PMMA specimens (0.24 MPa) was 2.13 times higher than that of the PDMS–PDMS specimens (0.08 MPa), and 0.56 times higher than that of the PDMS–Glass specimens (0.16 MPa), showing better stability and reliability. In this method, multiple easily accessible materials such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), PVC, and glass slides were demonstrated and well-incorporated as our substrates. Practical actuation devices that required high bonding strength including microvalves and micropumps were fabricated by this method with high performance. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the Parafilm®-based microfluidic devices was validated through a seven-day E. coli cultivation. This reported fabrication scheme will provide a versatile platform for biochemical applications and point-of-care diagnostics.