Magnitude of impaired fasting glucose and undiagnosed diabetic mellitus and associated risk factors among adults living in Woreta town, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study, 2021

Abstract

Background: Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is an early warning system that provides prior information to prevent the future development of DM and diabetes-related problems, but early detection of DM is not practically applicable in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the magnitude of impaired fasting glucose and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated factors. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 30, 2021. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Anthropometric measurements were also recorded. A fasting blood sugar (FBS) test was assessed by samples taken early in the morning. Epi-Info 7.2.5.0 was used to enter data, which was then exported to SPSS 25 for analysis. To identify factors associated with IFG, logistics regression was used. The level of statistical significance was declared at p 0.05. Result: Three hundred and twenty-four (324) participants with a mean age of 43.76 ± 17.29 years were enrolled. The overall magnitude of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) were 43.2% and 10.0%, respectively. Waist circumference (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI 1.23–3.14), hypertension (AOR: 3.48, 95% CI 1.35–8.89), family history of Diabetic mellitus (AOR: 2.34, 95% CI 1.37–5.79) and hypertriglyceridemia (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI 1.41–5.43) were found to be independently associated with impaired fasting glucose. Conclusion: Individuals who are overweight, hypertriglyceridemia, and are hypertensive should have regular checkups and community-based screening.