The Association Between Resilience, Emotion Regulation, and Sleep Status of Nursing Undergraduates: The Variable-Centered and Person-Centered Perspectives

Abstract

This cross-sectional study explored the associations between resilience, emotion regulation, and sleep status among nursing undergraduates from both variable- and person-centered perspectives. A total of 345 nursing undergraduates were surveyed using the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Self-Rating Scale of Sleep, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 item, and the Emotion Regulation Scale. For the variable-centered perspective, mediation analysis showed that cognitive reappraisal mediated the relationship between resilience and sleep status (β = −0.078, 95% Confidence Interval = −0.165 to −0.015). From a person-centered perspective, latent profile analysis identified two sleep status profiles: normal sleep status (74.5%) and severe insomnia–parasomnia (25.5%). Mediation analysis with a categorical dependent variable showed that resilience had a total effect on sleep status profiles [Odd Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) = 0.922 (0.878, 0.967)]; however, cognitive reappraisal did not mediate this relationship [Za*Zb (95% Confidence Interval) = −13.792 (−29.932, 1.763)]. Cognitive-behavior therapy, resilience training, mindfulness-based therapy, and sleep hygiene programs are recommended to improve the sleep status among nursing undergraduates.