Utilization of orchids of Wallacea region and implication for conservation

Abstract

Orchids are characterized by attractive flowers and morphologically unique plants, thus, they are much appreciated as ornamental plants. Apart from as ornamental plants, orchids are known to have other uses; for food, vegetables, herbal medicines, cosmetics, and other uses. The present study aimed to reveal a wide range of utilization of orchids of the Wallacea region. There were 47 species of orchids of the Wallacea region belong to 32 genera that have been utilized in a wide range of uses, with one species that could have multiple uses. The utilization of orchids of the Wallacea region was for food (4 species), vegetable (1 species ), spices (1 species), herbal medicines (37 species), cosmetics (3 species), and other uses (7 species). Data on the utilization of orchids of the Wallacea region can support bioprospecting to find new bioresources for food alternatives, herbal medicines, and other useful products. In the utilization of orchids as bioresources, the conservation approach is highly recommended to ensure the long-term survival of the orchids and for the sustainable use of the orchids. Of these 47 orchid species that have been utilized, two species are endemic to the Wallacea region (Dendrobium facifeum and D. utile) that should receive priority setting in the conservation planning.