Whitefly Detected: LED Traps Enhance Monitoring of Trialeurodes vaporariorum in Greenhouse-Grown Tomato

Abstract

Yellow sticky traps (YSTs) are common tools for monitoring the greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), which can cause significant yield reduction in different greenhouse crops such as cucumber and tomato. In recent years, sticky traps equipped with green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have also been (successfully) tested for catching GWFs. However, no study has observed GWF population dynamics at low population densities using such LED traps for early pest detection in crop stands. Therefore, a greenhouse experiment was conducted aiming to investigate the correlation between GWF populations on tomato crops (Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae)) and the numbers caught on yellow sticky traps and green LED traps, respectively. A small number of whiteflies was released into two pest-free greenhouse cabins, and populations on plants and traps were monitored for the duration of two months. The results show that the GWFs caught on LED traps correlate significantly positive with the population density on the tomato crops. Such a correlation was not found for standard YSTs. Moreover, the results indicate the possibility of early pest detection using LED traps. The findings are discussed in the context of the whiteflies’ ecology and population dynamics in greenhouses.