Chemical Compounds and Effectivity of Eucalyptus grandis Oil Against Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Abstract

Indonesia has a lot of aromatic plants that can be distilled to obtain the essential oil. These essential oils can be used for primary component of botanical pesticides due to some components avoided by insect. The study aimed to define the component of Eucalyptus grandis and its potential to control the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae. The formula of essential oil E. grandis with different concentrations including: 0,25%; 0,5%; 1%; 1,5%; 2%; and control were used to see the mortality of S. oryzae. The result shows that according to the Gas Chromatographic-Mass spectral (GCMS), the E. grandis contains Eucalyptol 46,86%, with the great mortality value of S. oryzae after 96 hours application was 75% at 2% concentration. Thus, the concentration of 1,88 μl/ml of E. grandis was effective to kill 50% of S. Oryzae on day 1. Meanwhile, the concentration of 17,29 μl/ml was effective to kill 95% S. oryzae on day 1. E. grandis contains the most Eucalyptol which tends to be repellent for insects. This suggests that E. grandis could be used as an insecticide alternative to control S. oryzae.