Prevalence of osteoporosis in India

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disorder associated with reduced bone strength and the most common cause of bone fracture, especially in the elderly. There is no synthesized evidence to inform policy on its prevalence and distribution across India. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate and summarize the prevalence of osteoporosis among adults in India. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA criteria. A comprehensive systematic search was performed until May 23, 2022, in the following electronic databases: Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and ProQuest. After screening, twelve eligible studies were included in the study reporting the prevalence of osteoporosis among adults aged 18 years and for subsequent methodological quality assessment and data extraction using predefined standardized tools. Random and fixed effects models for meta-analysis were used to arrive at summary estimates for prevalence with 95% confidence intervals. The included studies used data from 5261 study participants in total. The prevalence of osteoporosis among children in India is 22.9% (95% CI: 14.9-32.0%), and that of osteopenia was 44.8% (95% CI: 38.9-50.7%). Prevalence of Osteoporosis was significantly higher among females at 26.3% (95% CI: 16.9-37.0%) as compared to males at 10.9% (95% CI: 4.5-19.7).