Adenomyosis

Abstract

Adenomyosis is a gynecological disease characterized by endometrial tissue within the muscular wall of the uterus. This disorder, which can cause a range of disabling symptoms, including chronic pelvic pain, heavy and irregular menstruation, and dysmenorrhea, is often diagnosed in women of childbearing age but may persist even during menopause. The precise cause of adenomyosis is not fully understood, although genetic, hormonal and inflammatory factors seem to play an important role in the development of the condition. Diagnosis is mainly based on transvaginal ultrasound and MRI, while therapeutic management can range from drugs to control pain and blood loss to surgical treatments such as hysterectomy in severe cases. Despite its incidence, adenomyosis remains a relatively little known and often underdiagnosed disease, which makes increased awareness and research essential to improve diagnostic and therapeutic pathways.