Who is afraid of non-normal data? Choosing between parametric and non-parametric tests

Abstract

When statistically comparing outcomes between two groups, researchers have to decide whether to use parametric methods, such as the t-test, or non-parametric methods, like the Mann-Whitney test. In endocrinology, for example, many studies compare hormone levels between groups, or at different points in time. Many papers apply non-parametric tests to compare groups. We will explain that non-parametric tests have clear drawbacks in medical research, and, that's the good news, they are often not necessary.