Direct welding of metals and ceramics by ultrasonic vibration

Abstract

This paper describes the experimental results of ultrasonically welding ceramics and metals. In comparison to other methods, ultrasonic vibration is easier and quicker for welding ceramics, such as ZrO2, SiC, and Si3N4, and metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and copper. In this study, ceramics and Mg were welded under the following conditions: amplitude, 30 μm; welding pressure, 10 MPa; required duration, 1.0 s. Ultrasonic welding of the ceramics with metals was possible when the condition E = KPn < f(P,E) (E: energy density P: welding pressure) was satisfied and the welding interface temperature was in the range of 300-400°C. When the ceramics were preheated, welding was possible within a short time and under low pressure, and the material had good weldability even at a high temperature (200°C). It is presumed that in this environment, oxide and organic films are efficiently removed from the bonded interfaces by the vibration of ultrasonic waves.