Food-related impulsivity assessed by longitudinal laboratory tasks is reduced in patients with binge eating disorder in a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Food-related impulsivity, i.e. a food-related attentional bias proposed to be due to increased reward sensitivity and diminished inhibitory control, has been cross-sectionally associated with binge eating disorder. To analyze changes in food-related impulsivity, we implemented longitudinal analyses of objective laboratory tasks in a randomized controlled trial called IMPULS. Patients who attended an impulsivity-focused group intervention (IG N = 31) and control patients who did not take part in the intervention (CG N = 25) were compared before (T0) and after the intervention period (T1) and at three months follow-up (T2). Patients’ impulsive gaze behavior towards food vs. neutral stimuli was measured in two eye tracking paradigms, one addressing reward sensitivity and another addressing inhibitory control. Initial fixations of food vs. neutral stimuli were increased at T0 (IG: p =.014, CG: p =.001), but not at T1 and T2 in IG (T1: p =.178, T2: p =.203) and in CG after Bonferroni correction only at T2 (T1: p =.031, T2: p =.002). Patients from IG increased dwell time on neutral stimuli at T1 contrary to patients from CG (p =.016) and rated the presented food stimuli as less positive (e.g. pleasantness p