Banking Cybersecurity: Safeguarding Financial Information in the Digital Era

Abstract

This study explores the escalating cybersecurity challenges in the banking sector and the potential of large language models (LLMs) to enhance digital defense mechanisms. Employing a qualitative methodology that includes a systematic literature review, expert interviews, and case study evaluations, the research investigates the integration of LLMs in cybersecurity operations such as threat detection, automated incident response, and user authentication. The findings reveal that LLMs offer significant advantages in real-time anomaly detection, predictive analytics, and natural language-based security training. However, their adoption is hindered by concerns over algorithmic transparency, data privacy, and the need for specialized technical expertise within financial institutions. A key contribution of this work is the development of an integrated cybersecurity framework that combines AI-driven technologies, blockchain-based transaction security, digital forensic tools, and human-centered security practices. The proposed framework aims to guide financial institutions in implementing adaptive, intelligent cybersecurity strategies aligned with evolving global regulatory standards. This research offers both theoretical insights and practical recommendations for enhancing cyber resilience in digital banking environments. It emphasizes the importance of a multidimensional approach that addresses technical innovation, organizational preparedness, and regulatory compliance. Future studies are encouraged to validate the proposed framework through empirical testing across diverse banking infrastructures.